Translate Component API reference page to Turkish

Translates the complete Component page (1956 lines) including:
- All class component APIs (constructor, render, setState, forceUpdate)
- All lifecycle methods (componentDidMount, componentDidUpdate,
  componentWillUnmount, shouldComponentUpdate, getSnapshotBeforeUpdate)
- All UNSAFE lifecycle methods with deprecation notices
- Static methods (contextType, defaultProps, getDerivedStateFromError,
  getDerivedStateFromProps)
- Usage section with interactive Sandpack examples
- Alternatives section (migration guides for simple, state, lifecycle,
  and context components)
- Error Boundary section

Code examples and Sandpack demos preserved as-is.
Consistent with existing Turkish translation conventions.

Related to #397

Author: mvtandas